22 April 2024
Sunaryo S.Kom
USU PHARMACY PUBLIC RELATIONS - The Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Sumatera Utara has held a Doctoral Promotion Examination (Public Session) for the Doctoral Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences on Friday, April 19, 2024, at 10.00 WIB - end, in the IMT-GT Room, 2nd Floor, USU Bureau of Information Center Building.
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Sofia Rahmi was the promovenda at the public session this time, with a dissertation titled "Ethosome Formulation of Ethanol Extract of Tekelan Leaves (Chromolaena odorata L.) and Physical Characterization, Physical Stability Test, Penetration and Skin Antipenaging Activity in Vivo" and a scientific article titled "Formulation Development and In Vitro Penetration Test of Ethosome of Chromolaena odorata Leaves Extract".
The chairman of the session, namely the Rector of the Universitas Sumatera Utara, Prof. Dr. Muryanto Amin, S.Sos., M.Si. with the Advisory Commission: Prof. Dr. Julia Reveny, M.Si., Apt. as Promoter; Prof. Dr. Anayanti Arianto, M.Si., Apt. as Co-Promoter; and Dr. Panal Sitorus, M.Si., Apt. as Co-Promoter while Outside Commission Examiners, namely: Prof. Dr. Urip Harahap, Apt.; Dr. Sumaiyah, S.Si., M.Si., Apt.; Prof. Dr. Nelva K Jusuf, Sp.KK(K), FINSDV, FAADV; and Dr. Mahdi Jufri, M.Si., Apt.
A brief overview of the Promovenda Dissertation:
Ethanol extract of tekelan leaves (Chromolaena ododrata L.) has secondary metabolites in the form of flavonoid compounds, especially quercetin compounds. Quercetin compounds are antioxidants that can counteract free radicals, thus preventing skin aging. Aging is a complex biological condition controlled by intrinsic and extrinsic factors. One of the extrinsic factors causing aging is excessive ultraviolet irradiation. Ethanol extract of tekelan leaves, if formulated in topical dosage form, has low solubility properties so that penetration in the skin is also low. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a formula that can increase penetration in the form of an ethosomal formula.
This study aims to formulate ethosomal preparations from ethanol extract of tekelan leaves, physical stability testing during 12 weeks of storage at various temperatures, and in vivo skin anti-aging activity in UV-B irradiated rats and their histopathological profiles. The methods used in this study were identification of quercetin compounds from extracts using clt-preparative, antioxidant test of DPPH free radical scavenging method, determination of IC50 value and total flavonoids by AlCl3 method, formulation and characterization of four ethosomal preparation formulas with varying concentrations of extracts and ethanol (F1-without extract, F2-extract 0.5 g in 10 mL ethanol, F3-extract 1 g in 20 mL ethanol, and F4-extract 1.5 g in 30 mL ethanol). Furthermore, the ethosome preparations were characterized by testing particle size, sorption efficiency, physical stability, skin penetration by Franz diffusion method, in vivo irritation test and anti-aging activity test on UV-B irradiated rat skin and compared with liposome preparations and histopathological profiles.
The results obtained were the presence of quercetin compounds in the ethanol extract of tekelan leaves with an Rf value of 0.46 (orange color), IC50 value of 31.145 mcg/mL, the highest total flavonoids were found in F4 (228.971 mgEQ/g). The observation of particle size of all formulas is still in nanometer size, and F4 has the smallest particle size. The results of sorption efficiency obtained 68.44%, cumulative release of quercetin at the 480th minute (1120.20±815.05 mcg/cm2), % cumulative release of quercetin at the 480th minute (38.82±0.45%), flux value of quercetin compound release (23.01±1.732 μg.cm-2 h-1). The results of the in vivo irritation test of the formula carried out at the highest extract concentration showed no irritation to the rabbit skin. Macroscopic anti-aging test results from each irradiated group showed that skin pigment darkened, skin became loose, telangiekstasia occurred and actinic purpura occurred. While microscopically showed that the epidermal layer thinned and collagen density was less. Meanwhile, the group treated with tekelan leaf extract ethosomes experienced improvements in macroscopic structure. The microscopic structure of the epidermis is thicker, and the collagen density is increasing.
This study concludes that all ethosome preparations meet the requirements of the physical characteristics of ethosomes and are stable during 12 weeks of storage, and F4 (1.5 g extract in 30 mL ethanol) is the best formula with in vitro and in vivo characteristics.
Congratulations and best wishes to Dr. Sofia Rahmi, M.Si., Apt. for receiving her doctoral degree!
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